Iindex

  1. Raspberrypi 4B Specs: Broadcom BCM2711 Quad-core Cortex-A72 (ARM v8) 64-bit SoC @ 1.5GHz, RAM: 2GB/4GB/8GB LPDDR4-3200 (depending on your model), Dual-band 802.11ac wireless, Bluetooth 5.0, Gigabit Ethernet + 2 × USB 3.0 and 2 × USB ,2.0 ports 40 GPIO pins for sensor/motor interfacing, HDMI support for debugging and display, Operating System: Raspberry Pi OS / Linux-based OS.

  2. GPS Module (Neo 6M / USB GPS Receiver u-blox 7) Role: Provides real-time latitude and longitude for location tracking. Specs: Satellite systems: GPS, Galileo, GLONASS (u-blox 7), Baud rate: 9600 by default, Communication: UART (Neo 6M), USB (u-blox), Accuracy: Up to 2.5m, Supports NMEA protocol, Compatible with gpsd, gpsmon, cgps, PythonGPS Module (Neo 6M / USB GPS Receiver u-blox 7), Role: Provides real-time latitude and longitude for location tracking. Specs: Satellite systems: GPS, Galileo, GLONASS (u-blox 7), Baud rate: 9600 by default, Communication: UART (Neo 6M), USB (u-blox), Accuracy: Up to 2.5m Supports NMEA protocol, Compatible with gpsd, gpsmon, cgps, Python.

  3. Motor Specifications Model: GF12-N20 Motor 12V200rpm Gearbox, Rated voltage: 12V, Rated current: 0.055A, Locked rotor current: 0.45A, Rated torque: 0.09kg.cm, Locked rotor torque: 0.7kg.cm, Rated output power: 1.5W, No-load speed: 66±10%RPM, Motor size: 3412mm, Output shaft size: 410mm.

  4. Power Bank (Power Supply for Raspberry Pi and Components) Role: Portable energy source for Raspberry Pi and low-power peripherals. Specs: Output: 5V 3A via USB-A or USB-C, Capacity: 10,000mAh – 20,000mAh (recommended), Rechargeable via micro-USB or Type-C, Built-in protections (short-circuit, overcharging).

  5. Yaw Movement of Wheels (Direction Control of Vehicle - Turning Left/Right) Role: Enables turning capability of the vehicle (steering). Achieved By: Differential Drive: Varying the speed of left/right wheels. Eg: Left wheels move slower → vehicle turns left. Servo-controlled steering (if implemented). Specs: Based on motor driver logic (L298N) and pulse width modulation (PWM), Real-time control via Python or Arduino code, Used In: Turning at intersections, path correction based on Google Maps route.

  6. Raspberry Pi Camera (For Road Detection, Obstacle Detection, or ML Input) Role: Captures live video feed or images used in: Road line detection, Object detection (e.g., stop signs), ML-based decision-making Specs: Module: Pi Camera v2.1, Resolution: 8MP, Video: 1080p30 / 720p60 / 640x480p90, Interface: CSI port on Raspberry Pi, Compatible with OpenCV, TensorFlow, PyTorch Optional: USB camera for flexibility in placement.